Grade 08
Politics
CHAPTER : 04
Judiciary
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
Que1: What is meant by Judicial review?
Answer :- The term judicial review means all laws passed by the Parliament must be in accordance with the spirit of the Constitution.
- If a law is not in accordance with the basic structure of the Constitution, the judiciary has the power to strike down that law.
Que2: What do you understand by Independent Judiciary?
Answer :- Independent judiciary means decisions taken by the judiciary cannot be challenged or influenced by the executive and the legislature.
Que3: Mention the three functions of the Judiciary in India.
Answer :
The three main functions of the judiciary in India are
- Resolving disputes,
- Applying the power of judicial review
- Upholding the law and enforcing the fundamental rights.
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
Que1 : Difference between Civil and Criminal laws?
Answer : | Criminal Law | Civil Law |
|---|---|
| Criminal law deals with crimes and legal punishment of offenders. | Civil law deals with the disputes between individuals, organisations. |
| The proceedings of a criminal case begins with the filing of a First Information Report (FIR) against the accused. | In a civil case, a petition has to be filed in the respective court by the affected party. |
| If found guilty, the accused is penalised or sent to jail. | The court generally sentences the guilty to pay for the damages done to the concerned party. |
| Examples: Theft, murder and harassment for dowry, | Examples: Disputes over money, property, rent matters, issues of inheritance, marriage and divorce. |